Policy,
people
& the pulse.

Public Health · Youth Unemployment · Criminal Justice · Mental Health · Gender Inequality · Immigration Policy · Femicide · Masculine Silence · Suicide Prevention · Economic Despair · Higher Education · Missing Middle · NSFAS · Social Reproduction · Stunting · Child Malnutrition · Child Protection · Children's Rights · Constitutional Accountability · Reproductive Rights · Contraceptive Access · Digital Ethnography · Social Policy · Labour Markets · GBV Prevention · Intimate Partner Violence · Intergenerational Poverty · Food Insecurity · Institutional Accountability · Evidence-Based Policy · Structural Inequality · Mixed-Methods Research · Policy Implementation · Social Listening · Public Sentiment Analysis · Child-Headed Households · Birth Registration · Invisible Children · Parentification · State Neglect · ARV Access · Health Infrastructure · Graduate Precarity · Wage Inequality · Intergenerational Trauma · Demographic Transition · Housing Affordability · Reproductive Economics      
By the Numbers
Stats SA · SAPS · SAMRC · HSRC · SADAG · WHO · SASH · Discovery Health · DHET · NSFAS · SASSA · UNICEF · DHA · NMHPF · 2025/26
47.4%
Youth unemployment (ages 15 to 34), second quarter of 2026
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
46.3%
Composite labour underutilisation rate, including discouraged workers and the underemployed
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
8.5M
People unemployed under the official definition, up 345,000 from the first quarter
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
5,578
Women killed in SA between April 2023 and March 2024
SAPS Crime Statistics · 2024
3
Women killed by intimate partners every day in South Africa
SAMRC · Fourth National Femicide Study
5.5
Intimate partner femicide rate per 100,000 women, global average is 1.2
SAMRC · Fourth National Femicide Study · UNODC 2021
19.4%
Of intimate femicide perpetrators in a 1999 national study died by suicide within a week of the killing
Mathews et al. · Bulletin of the WHO · 2008
70%
Of men surveyed believed a wife should obey her husband
HSRC · National GBV Study 2024
1 in 6
Adult South Africans meets criteria for depression, anxiety or substance use each year
Sorsdahl et al. · SSM Mental Health · 2023
75%
Of people with common mental health conditions never receive treatment
Sorsdahl et al. · SSM Mental Health · 2023
92%
Treatment gap when severe mental health conditions are included
Sorsdahl et al. · SSM Mental Health · 2023
0.31
Public sector psychiatrists per 100,000 uninsured South Africans
Docrat et al. · Health Policy and Planning · 2019 (2016/17 data)
86%
Of public mental health spending goes to inpatient care: only 8% reaches primary healthcare
Docrat et al. · 2019 (2016/17 data); SASOP · 2023
14,000
Estimated suicide deaths in South Africa every year
Council for Medical Schemes · 2024, from a WHO rate of 23.5 per 100,000
280,000
Estimated suicide attempts each year, a figure that sits largely outside national data collection
Council for Medical Schemes · CMScript 7 · 2024
~900
Men die by suicide every month in South Africa, based on 10,861 male deaths a year
WHO estimates · 2019 data
79%
Of all suicide deaths in South Africa are male
WHO estimates · 2019 data
3.8M
People estimated to have developed depression in South Africa in 2024, from a modelling study not yet peer reviewed
Spotlight, reporting a medRxiv preprint · March 2026
R250bn
Annual cost of poor mental health to the SA economy in lost productivity
October Health · State of Mind report · 2025
28.8%
Of South African children under five are stunted: more than one in four
UNICEF, WHO & World Bank · 2025
R202bn
Maximum annual economic cost of child stunting in South Africa (range R136bn to R202bn)
Tshikululu Social Investments · 2026
R560
Child Support Grant per month, against a food poverty line of R796
SASSA · Stats SA · 2025
68,446
Missing middle students who cannot access NSFAS or afford fees independently
DHET · 2024
1,561
Students funded by the R3.8 billion missing middle loan scheme across two full years of operation
Business Day · April 2026
R23bn
Total student debt accumulated in the South African higher education system
IOL · Ramaphosa · May 2026
2.4M to 3.1M
Foreign-born people living in South Africa, documented and undocumented
Stats SA · Census 2022 and Income and Expenditure Survey 2022/23
33.6%
Official unemployment rate, the figure that still undercounts the discouraged
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
4×
Men are nearly four times more likely to die by suicide than women in South Africa
WHO estimates · 2019 data
47.4%
Youth unemployment (ages 15 to 34), second quarter of 2026
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
46.3%
Composite labour underutilisation rate, including discouraged workers and the underemployed
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
8.5M
People unemployed under the official definition, up 345,000 from the first quarter
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
5,578
Women killed in SA between April 2023 and March 2024
SAPS Crime Statistics · 2024
3
Women killed by intimate partners every day in South Africa
SAMRC · Fourth National Femicide Study
5.5
Intimate partner femicide rate per 100,000 women, global average is 1.2
SAMRC · Fourth National Femicide Study · UNODC 2021
19.4%
Of intimate femicide perpetrators in a 1999 national study died by suicide within a week of the killing
Mathews et al. · Bulletin of the WHO · 2008
70%
Of men surveyed believed a wife should obey her husband
HSRC · National GBV Study 2024
1 in 6
Adult South Africans meets criteria for depression, anxiety or substance use each year
Sorsdahl et al. · SSM Mental Health · 2023
75%
Of people with common mental health conditions never receive treatment
Sorsdahl et al. · SSM Mental Health · 2023
92%
Treatment gap when severe mental health conditions are included
Sorsdahl et al. · SSM Mental Health · 2023
0.31
Public sector psychiatrists per 100,000 uninsured South Africans
Docrat et al. · Health Policy and Planning · 2019 (2016/17 data)
86%
Of public mental health spending goes to inpatient care: only 8% reaches primary healthcare
Docrat et al. · 2019 (2016/17 data); SASOP · 2023
14,000
Estimated suicide deaths in South Africa every year
Council for Medical Schemes · 2024, from a WHO rate of 23.5 per 100,000
280,000
Estimated suicide attempts each year, a figure that sits largely outside national data collection
Council for Medical Schemes · CMScript 7 · 2024
~900
Men die by suicide every month in South Africa, based on 10,861 male deaths a year
WHO estimates · 2019 data
79%
Of all suicide deaths in South Africa are male
WHO estimates · 2019 data
3.8M
People estimated to have developed depression in South Africa in 2024, from a modelling study not yet peer reviewed
Spotlight, reporting a medRxiv preprint · March 2026
R250bn
Annual cost of poor mental health to the SA economy in lost productivity
October Health · State of Mind report · 2025
28.8%
Of South African children under five are stunted: more than one in four
UNICEF, WHO & World Bank · 2025
R202bn
Maximum annual economic cost of child stunting in South Africa (range R136bn to R202bn)
Tshikululu Social Investments · 2026
R560
Child Support Grant per month, against a food poverty line of R796
SASSA · Stats SA · 2025
68,446
Missing middle students who cannot access NSFAS or afford fees independently
DHET · 2024
1,561
Students funded by the R3.8 billion missing middle loan scheme across two full years of operation
Business Day · April 2026
R23bn
Total student debt accumulated in the South African higher education system
IOL · Ramaphosa · May 2026
2.4M to 3.1M
Foreign-born people living in South Africa, documented and undocumented
Stats SA · Census 2022 and Income and Expenditure Survey 2022/23
33.6%
Official unemployment rate, the figure that still undercounts the discouraged
Stats SA · QLFS Q2 2026
4×
Men are nearly four times more likely to die by suicide than women in South Africa
WHO estimates · 2019 data
Who is
Dipuo?

In Sesotho, dipuo means "conversations." Not data. Not metrics. Conversations: the kind that happen at taxi ranks, in comment sections, and in households that policy has never thought to enter. That is where this platform begins.

Dipuo is a South African policy research platform producing evidence-based analysis on the social conditions shaping South African life. It covers public health, labour markets, gender-based violence, child welfare, reproductive rights and immigration, treating each not as a separate crisis but as part of a single, interconnected failure of political will. It starts from a simple premise: young people are not failing the system. The system has not yet been built for them.

Why public sentiment? Because an intimate partner femicide rate of 5.5 per 100,000 women is a number. It is not the conviction rate for gender-based violence cases that never make it to court. It is not the protection order that exists on paper and nowhere else. It is not the more than 100 women killed every week whose names do not make the news cycle. Statistics capture outcomes. They rarely capture what those outcomes cost people. The conversations unfolding on X, TikTok and in WhatsApp groups are not noise: they are data. They deserve the same rigour we give to policy briefs.

The approach is mixed methods: each piece triangulates social media discourse, official datasets, peer-reviewed literature and qualitative policy analysis to produce work that is grounded in evidence and written for people, not just practitioners. Every Signal Post documents a moment in public discourse. Every comment section is a focus group the state forgot to commission. Every analysis ends with its full source list and a ready-made citation, so you can check the work and cite it. Read the full method.

Qualitative Research Mixed Methods Labour Markets Public Health Social Listening Policy Analysis Gender Child Welfare & Protection
Latest Analysis
22 posts across 6 pillars
What South Africa is saying
Signal Posts : What the feed is saying

"Every comment section is a focus group the state forgot to commission. This one was about how many South Africans die by suicide each year, and no two answers on the timeline agreed."

September 2026, Suicide Prevention Month. SADAG puts the toll at 23 deaths a day; posts on X circulated figures of 27, 30, and an eight-year-old "15" with equal confidence. The Department of Social Development's own awareness-day post drew open mockery in its replies. Thirteen signal posts document that gap between the record and the conversation happening around it. This section treats that discourse as data.

@tumisole · X (Twitter) · #WorldSuicideDay  ·  16K views · 90 retweets · 206 likes
"I know there's a lot of pressure on you! I know you're told Monna o swela ka hare! ... You're not alone my bro, kozulunga! Did you know that: of the 13774 deaths by suicide in SA, 10500+ are men! Men are likely to die by suicide because they are unlikely to seek help."
What this signals: 16K views on a post that code-switches between English, Sesotho and isiZulu in a single breath is itself a data point: the message travels further in the languages men actually speak to each other in. "Monna o swela ka hare" (a man endures internally, silently) is not a translated aside; it is the entire thesis of the post, named in the language the stigma actually operates in.
@Miss_M... · X (Twitter)  ·  3K views
"Today is World Suicide Prevention Day. South Africa ranks 10th globally with ~14k deaths from suicide every year. It is the 2nd leading cause of death for youth aged 15–29. 75% of people with mental illness go untreated due to lack of resources and deep stigma."
What this signals: The 75% treatment gap is arguably the most consequential figure documented this month, and one of the least repeated. Most of the discourse fixates on the death count; this is one of the few posts naming the access problem sitting upstream of it.
@FordFelici46543 · X (Twitter)  ·  reply to the Dept. of Social Development's campaign post, 15 views
"Which iconic political figure committed suicide on this very day or did you just choose this day randomly. Not insensitive just want to know why such a strange date... Why not just month for the promotion of suicide prevention."
What this signals: A direct reply to the Department of Social Development's own Suicide Prevention Day campaign post, and a corrective to any assumption official messaging meets automatic goodwill. When a national institution's awareness content doesn't explain its own basic premise, part of the public reads sincerity as arbitrary.
@ndlovu_anele · X (Twitter)  ·  161 views
"Sometimes, life hurts so deeply that a person stops wanting to live, not because they want to die, but because they desperately want the pain to stop. GBV. Gambling. Financial crisis. Addiction... suicide prevention must be about more than telling people not to die."
What this signals: The want-to-die/want-the-pain-to-stop distinction is clinically accurate and rarely appears outside professional mental health content. The causal list that follows refuses to reduce suicide to a single explanation, more precise causal work than most official campaign language attempts.
@Lulugeez · X (Twitter) · 9 October 2018  ·  1.1K retweets · 794 likes
"450 men commit suicide a month in South Africa. Scary statistics 💔"
What this signals: This post is eight years old and was documented resurfacing again this Suicide Prevention Month. Its persistence, unrevised and unsourced, says less about accuracy and more about how a single striking statistic can outlive its own data and become the public's default reference point.
September 2026 · Signal Post: Nobody Agrees On The Number
Read the Full Signal Post
Digital Pulse: Live Sentiment

In your experience, what is the most urgent policy failure facing young South Africans today?

Your answer is part of the data. Cast your vote.

Core Pillars
01
Labour &
Economy
Unemployment Minimum Wage Informal Work Graduate Precarity Intergenerational Poverty Food Insecurity
02
Gender &
GBV
Femicide Survivor Infrastructure Shelter Access Policy Implementation Bodily Autonomy Intergenerational Trauma
03
Public
Health
Mental Health Suicide Prevention NHI Access & Inequality Reproductive Rights Health Systems
04
Politics &
Policy
Immigration Criminal Justice Institutional Accountability State Capacity Coalitional Governance Electoral Accountability
05
Child Welfare
& Protection
Child Malnutrition Stunting Birth Registration Child-Headed Households Child Rights State Accountability
06
Digital
Pulse
Social Listening Public Sentiment Digital Ethnography Online Discourse Platform Narratives Community Voices

Explore the topics atlas →

How I Work
01
Qualitative Analysis
Close reading of policy documents, legislation, court records, and public discourse. The focus is on what is said, what is omitted, and why the gap between the two is often where the real story lives.
02
Social Listening
Systematic collection and thematic coding of public social media posts across X, TikTok, and Instagram. Digital platforms are treated as unsolicited focus groups: raw, unfiltered, and analytically rich.
03
Quantitative Grounding
Cross-referencing sentiment signals against official datasets: Stats SA, SASSA, DHIS2, Treasury reports. Numbers provide the structure. They do not, on their own, provide the meaning.
04
Mixed-Methods Synthesis
Bringing qualitative depth and quantitative evidence into the same analytical frame. Neither is sufficient alone. Together, they produce research that is rigorous without being remote: evidence that stays connected to the people it describes.
16
Long-form analyses · 6 signal posts
6
Policy areas covered
130+
Public voices documented
2026
Active & ongoing

Research is not only what has been published. It is also what is being watched. These are the policy questions currently under observation: emerging issues that do not yet have easy answers, but that deserve rigorous attention.

01
The NHI and the public trust deficit
Will South Africans trust the health system that National Health Insurance asks them to move towards? Open this question →
02
Section 28 at 30
Is the state delivering what Section 28 of the Constitution promises to children? Open this question →
03
Postgraduate depression
What happens to graduates' mental health after study ends, and whose responsibility is it? Open this question →
04
The informal economy as the real labour market
Why does labour market policy still centre formal jobs when about one in three employed people work informally? Open this question →
05
Gender-based violence recidivism
What happens after a protection order is issued, and who monitors whether it works? Open this question →
06
The school-to-prison pipeline
Is leaving school early linked to later contact with the criminal justice system in South Africa, and does any policy address it? Open this question →
07
Municipal collapse and child welfare
When local government services fail, what happens to children's health and welfare, and does anyone count it? Open this question →
08
Climate anxiety and mental health
How is climate change affecting the mental health of young South Africans, and is the mental health system ready for it? Open this question →
09
The loadshedding recovery: real or renamed?
Is the recovery structural, or has the metric changed while the underlying condition did not? Open this question →

Open the radar →

Verified figures

Every number,
with its source.

Figures on work, gender-based violence, mental health and child welfare, each traced to where it came from. Copy a citation, or share any figure as an image.

Get in touch